Понимая бизнес и права человека

Рамки в отношении защиты, соблюдения и средств правовой защиты

Бизнес и права человека признают, что, хотя предприятия могут быть мощными двигателями развития и реализации экономических прав, они также могут оказывать неблагоприятное воздействие на работников, местные сообщества и других правообладателей.

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«Бизнес и права человека» – это идея о том, что все предприятия, независимо от таких факторов, как размер и местоположение, должны уважать права человека, такие как право на свободу объединений, чистую и здоровую окружающую среду и свободу от принудительного труда. Бизнес и права человека (БПЧ) признают, что, хотя предприятия могут быть мощными двигателями развития и реализации экономических прав, они также могут оказывать неблагоприятное воздействие на работников, местные сообщества и других правообладателей.

Основные положения, касающиеся бизнеса и прав человека, изложены в Руководящих принципах ООН в области бизнеса в аспекте прав человека. Вы можете узнать больше о Руководящих принципах здесь. Правительства, гражданское общество, международные организации и транснациональные корпорации все больше признают важность БПЧ в последние годы; эти разработки претворяются в национальное законодательство, международно-правовую базу, бизнес-нормы и добровольные инициативы. Клиенты также все чаще требуют, чтобы предприятия, которые они поддерживают, уважали права человека.

Бизнес и права человека также пересекаются с рядом других повесток дня, включая защиту окружающей среды, устойчивое развитие, корпоративную социальную ответственность и борьбу с коррупцией; ознакомиться с более подробной информацией можно здесь.

Руководящие принципы ООН базируются на трех компонентах:

I Защита

Обязанность государства защищать права человека

II Соблюдение

Корпоративная ответственность за соблюдение прав человека

III Средства правовой защиты

Доступ к средствам правовой защиты для жертв нарушений, связанных с предпринимательской деятельностью

Вы можете узнать больше об обязанности государства защищать здесь и корпоративной ответственности за соблюдение здесь. Вы также можете прочитать здесь о доступе к средствам правовой защиты, которые должны предоставляться как через государственные, так и негосударственные механизмы.

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